Method of and apparatus for regulating the fuel supply in internalcombustion engines



Aug. 31,1926. v ,I 1,597,787

F. HUSSER ET AL METHOD oF AND APPAEATUsvFoR EEGULATING TEE FUEL SUPPLY1N INTERNAL coMBusTToNENcTINEs Filed May 15. 1924 FIGR.. 57

Patented Aug, 31d,y 1926.

UNlTED'srATl-:s

1,591,787 PATENT OFFICE.

j FRIEDRIKCH HUSSER .AND HERMiNN ELLERBUSCH, 0F DORTMUND, GERMANY.

.METHOD or Arm APPARATUS Pon REGULATNG THE FUEL SUPPLY IY'N INTERNAL-COMBUS'IION ENGINES.

Application ledfMay 13, 1924, Serial No. 713,067, and in GermanyJ'u1y712, 1922'.

Our invention rela-tes to a method of and apparatus for regulating thefuel .supply in internal combustion engines particularly forautomobiles.

It is an object of our invention to eliminatethe drawbacks of theexisting systems for injecting Ameasured quantities of fuel which areparticularly inconvenient in motor car engines, etc., on account of thesmall lo quantities of fuel involved.

It further follows according to thepresent invention that the regulatingof the fuel in engines having valve control is carried out b v means ofthe suction. Thereby the fuel will be fed aceordingto the air pressure,Which is particularly useful for heavy fuel.

7e effect regulation-of the fuel quantity by varying the pressure of thefuel as well as the injection period. The pressure is `0 varied indirect proportion tothe load, and

the injection period 1n inverse proportion to the speed of the fuelpump. By these means, the influence of the varying delivery Withvariations in the engine speed ispractically 5 eliminated, since theinjection period is extended if the speed of the engine, and therewiththe delivery of the fuel pump and the fuel pressure, decreases, and viceversa.' The variable delivery o'f fuel pumpbeing eliminated, thequantity of fuel supplied to the engine is determined by the valve gearalone. This facilitates the control of the regulation, and, besides,permits direct drive of the fuel pump by the engine'wthout any'means forcompensating its variable delivery.

In, our novel method, the fuel delivery ofthe pump which is in excess ofthe demand of the engine, is conducted to a control valvel chamber,preferably through a compensation tank or the like. 'lhe pressure insaid control valve chamber is regulated in proportion to the load on theengine, preferably by a needle valve Which by-passes and returns to the"fuel tank the excess fuel. j The needlevalve'may be adjusted directlybythe speed governor of the engine, orpreferably in lcar engines-by thevacuum at the rear lof the Athrottle which may be set from the outsideby known means. l'from the control valve chamber, the fuel is deliveredto the `cylinderl or'cylinders by a distributor operatedby the engine.AThe distributor. connects the cylinder or cylinders yWith the controlvalve chamberat the right time and determines the period of injection ininverse i proportion to the delivery 0f the fuel pump,

In the drawings afiixed to this specifica,`

tion, an apparatus for performing our nove] method is illustrateddia-grammatically'by` way of example.

inthe drawings I .Fig 1 is plan view of a four-cylinder motor car enginefitted with my improvedl apparatus,

l? ig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the control valve chamber. l

The fuel supposed to be atomized by compressed air in nozzles in frontof the inlet valves, and to be inject/.ed with such air. The cylindersof the engine are indicated at 1, 2, 3, and 4, 5,' 6, 7, and 8 being theinlet valves, and 9, 10, 11, and 12 are the `atomizers in whichthe fuelcoming from thedistributor 22 isl atomized by compressed air generatedby a fan or the like and conducted r to said atomizers by a pipe 28. Theusual throttle 21A is provided for regulating the admission of air forcombustion.

- The distributor 22 comprises acasing 23,

`18, 19, and 20 in the cover are connectedjwith the control valvechamber 26 in succession through the medium of bore 27. The openings inthe cover 24 are connected with the cylinders 1, 2, 3, and 4 by thepipes 13, 14, 15, and '16. Y Fuel is-supplied to the control valvecham-V ber 26by a fuel pump, not shown, through a pipe 29. The fuelis'supplied in excess of the demand of theengine. Fuel pressure in, thechamber26 is regulat 'df-by a piston. 32 in a chamber 30 connectedmanifold at some pointwo the rear. of the throttle 2 1, by'a` pipe '31.The pistonv is loaded by'a sprmg Secured't'o the base with the suction lturn to the fuel tank through a pipe 37 By suitably dimensioning' theparts, the needle valve may be caused to supply only the quantity offuel required in the engine at the existing load.

The influence of the variable delivery of the fuel pump is made up forbythe distributor 22 whose speed varies with the lspeed of the pump, sothat the periods for which the atomizers 9, l0, 1l, and 12 are connectedwith the control valve chamber 26, are varied inversely to the deliveryof the pump.

It will be understood that the quantity o f fuel supplied is regulated-by the period ofiiow and by the position of the needle valve 3ft whichis adjusted in accordance with thevacuum at the rear of the throttle 2l,that is, in proportion to Athe Weight of air in the engine.

This avoids overfecding 'and its consequences which are particularlyundesirable in heavy oilV engines.

Our method may also be applied to the casein which the fuel nozzles arearranged in the combustion chalnber or chambers of the engine instead ofbeing arranged in driven by the engine, a rotary the suction manifold.

We claim:- l. An apparatus for regulating the fuel supply in internalcombustion engines particularly for automobiles, comprising a controlvalve chamber adapted to have fuel lsupplied to it under pressure; arotary distributor which is in communication with thecontrol valvechamber, said distributor being adapted to distribute the fuel to thecylinders ofthe engine; a regulating chamber; 'and a piston insaidregulating chambei' having-a needle valve therein which projects`into the control valve chamber, said distributor being driven by theengine; and

a fuel regulator adapted to control the valve in said chamber, saidregulator being controlled by -thesuction off the engine.4

3. An apparatus for regulating the fuel supply in internal combustionengines particularly for automobiles, comprising a con--v trol valvechamber adapted to have 4fuel supplied to it; a rotarydistributor'vvhich engine.

is in communication with the control valve chamber, said distributorbeing adapted to distributethe fue'l to the cylinders of the engine; anda piston having a needle valve thereon which projects into, the controlvalve chamber, said piston being controlled by the suction' of theengine.

4. An apparatus for regulating the fuel supply in internal combustionengines par'- ticularly for automobiles comprising a con- .trol valvechamber` adapted to have fuel supplicdto it; a rotary distributor havinga bore therein 'which is in communication with the control valvechamber, said distributor being adapted to distribute the fuel to thecylinders of the engine by means of said bore; a regulating chamber forthe fuel; and a piston in said regulating chamber having a needle valvethereon which pro- `iects yinto the control valve chamber, said pistonbeing actuated by the suction of the An apparatus -for regulating thefuel supply in internal combustion engines par- ,ticularly forautomobiles comprising a control valve chamber .adapted to have fuelsupplied to it under pressure and in excess of demand; a rotarydistributor adapted to distribute the fuel to the cylinders of theengine and being in communication with the control valve chamber; aregulating chamber for the fuel and being in communication with theintake of the engine; and a pistonand needle valve in said regulatingchamber, said needle valve projecting into the control valve`chamber inorder to regulate the fuel, said piston being actuated by the suction ofthe engine.`

6. An .apparatus for regulating the. fuel supply in internal combustionengines particularly for automobiles, comprising a con'A trol valvechamber adapted vto have fuel supplied toit under pressure by a pumpdriven by the engine, said chamber having advalveitherein which isadapted to regulate the quantity of fuel conducted to the cylinder andto return the excess fuel; a rotary distributor adapted to distributethe fuel to the cylinders of the engine and being inl communication withthe control valve chamber, said distributor beingdriven by the engine;and a fuel regulator adapted to control the valve in said chamber, saidregulator being controlled by the suction of the engine,

In testimony whereof we have affixed our signatures.

FRIEDRICH HUssEn. HERMANN uLLniaBUson.v

